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> > Why does Zemax apparently call 'Huygens MTF' what seems to be simply
> > the geometric MTF?

> It's the FFT of the Huygens PSF, and NOT geometric MTF, which Zemax also
> does. The Zemax manual describes all the MTF calculations in great detail,
> together with the circumstances in which each is appropriate ;-)

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Or at least, Huygens integral in the paraxial approximation
(which is a pretty good approximation unless you have really
wide angle aberrations in your beam) _is_ mathematically a Fourier
transform (or can be quickly converted into such).

So, you can, with proper care, evaluate it using an FFT algorithm.
Proper care means paying appropriate attention to windowing, aliasing,
'guard bands', and such details associated with converting a continuous
FT into a discretized DFT.

Assuming you pay proper care, an FFT evaluation will require much less
time, memory, and CPU cycles, and suffer much less round-off error, than
any other numerical method for evaluating a Fourier transform or a
Huygens integral.

On the other hand, modern computers and operating systems have so much
speed, working RAM, and numerical precision that just evaluating a
Huygens integral using any standard numerical library routine is likely
to be, in practice, indistinguishable from doing it with an FFT routine.